Early detection and treatment can lessen the impact of heart valve disease

More than 60,000 people die from heart valve disease (HVD) in the U.S. each year, according to the American Heart Association 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. Additionally, data from the Statistical Update shows that more than 28 million people worldwide are living with some type of heart valve disease, an increase of more than 30% in the past decade.

On Heart Valve Disease Awareness Day (Feb. 22), the American Heart Association, a global force changing the future of health for all, urges everyone to recognize the symptoms of this condition, learn more about HVD and seek medical advice if they experience any symptoms.

Heart valve disease occurs when one or more of the heart’s four valves do not function properly, disrupting blood flow and putting strain on the heart. Many people with HVD may not experience symptoms until the disease reaches an advanced stage. Early detection through regular heart check-ups, including listening for murmurs, can lead to timely treatment and improved outcomes.

“Heart valve disease often goes undetected until it becomes serious, but early diagnosis can make all the difference,” said Marc Ruel, M.D., M.P.H., FAHA, American Heart Association volunteer, cardiac surgeon and endowed chair of minimally invasive cardiac surgery at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada. “The earlier we catch it, the more treatment options we have, and the better the outcome for the patient.”

Aortic stenosis: The most common form of HVD

One of the most prevalent and serious forms of heart valve disease is aortic stenosis (AS), a condition characterized by the narrowing of the aortic valve opening, which affects approximately 5% of adults over 65—a number expected to more than double by 2050. AS occurs when the aortic valve narrows, restricting blood flow from the heart to the body. If untreated, it can lead to severe complications, including heart failure and death.

Key symptoms of aortic stenosis include:

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness or fainting
• Fatigue
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat

Gender disparities in diagnosis and treatment

Studies have shown that women and men experience heart valve disease differently. Women with conditions like mitral valve prolapse or rheumatic mitral valve disease often have more severe symptoms but are less likely to be referred for surgical interventions compared to men. Ruel said these disparities highlight the importance of advocating for equitable care and increasing awareness of early symptoms, particularly among women.

The Association’s commitment

The American Heart Association is dedicated to raising awareness about heart valve disease through initiatives like Target: Aortic Stenosis, which aims to improve timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment and comprehensive patient and caregiver resources.

The Association encourages everyone, especially those over 65, to be vigilant about their heart health. Recognizing symptoms early and seeking medical advice can lead to better outcomes and improved quality of life.