New PET agent provides same-day imaging for clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients

A novel investigational PET imaging agent can rapidly and accurately visualize lesions in clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) patients according to new research published in the May issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

The results of the study suggest that the agent ⁶⁸Ga-DPI-4452 (Debio 0328) is superior to standard CT imaging in the context of ccRCC. It also allows for significantly faster imaging and, in the future, could be utilized as part of a theranostic pair.

ccRCC accounts for 70–80% of renal cell carcinoma cases. Localized disease can be cured with surgery and ablative therapy regimens; however, one-third of patients present with or develop metastases, with poor prognosis. Despite major advances in treatment for renal cell carcinoma, the five-year relative survival rate for distant metastatic disease remains low.

“The carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) encoding gene is overexpressed in more than 90% of ccRCC cases and is restricted to gastrointestinal tissue, presenting both diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities,” said Professor Michael Hofman MBBS, FRACP, FAANMS, nuclear medicine specialist at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne, Australia.

“In this study, we aim to assess the safety, tolerability, and imaging characteristics of the CAIX-targeting imaging agent ⁶⁸Ga-DPI-4452 (Debio 0328).”

This ongoing first-in-human GaLuCi study included three patients with histologically confirmed unresectable locally advanced or metastatic ccRCC who had received at least two lines of treatment in a metastatic setting.

Patients received ⁶⁸Ga-DPI-4452 (Debio 0328) and underwent whole-body PET/CT at 15 minutes, and one, two, and four hours after administration. Images from these three initial patients were analyzed, and pharmacokinetics and safety data were assessed.

⁶⁸Ga-DPI-4452 (Debio 0328) offered outstanding imaging from the earliest time point with sustained tumor uptake up to four hours after administration. The agent was rapidly eliminated from the blood and urine, and no clinically significant toxicity was noted among the patients.

“⁶⁸Ga-DPI-4452 PET/CT revealed an exceptionally high tumor-to-background ratio, with background tissues nearly invisible with the exception of gastro-intestinal uptake. One-hour after administration was deemed the optimal time point for lesion assessment, which is substantially shorter than the three to seven days needed in previous PET imaging studies using antibody approaches,” said Hofman.

He continued, “Further work is now needed to assess whether this new imaging test could improve patient diagnosis, management, and outcomes. These findings are also encouraging for the evaluation of 177Lu-DPI-4452 (Debio 0228) as a treatment for ccRCC, which will be examined in the second arm of GaLuCi study.”